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Effects of Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) on host plant selection by Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a complex of whitefly species that are pests in several crops of economic importance, especially for its high biotic potential and ability to transmit plant viruses, such as Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV). Virus transmission by insect vectors is a complex biological process because it depends on multiple interactions between the pathogen, vector and host plants. Plant viruses can directly or indirectly affect the behavior of the insect vector in order to optimize its spread. It is postulated that the effect of the viral infection on host plant selection by whiteflies may vary with plant species and age of infection, which may favor the acceptance of particular host plants for feeding and colonization, increasing their importance in epidemiology. This work was aimed at investigating the effects of ToCV on the preference of B. tabaci Middle East Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1; formerly known as B biotype) for different host plants. Whitefly adults that previously acquired ToCV from infected tomato leaves (viruliferous) and adults not exposed to the virus (non-viruliferous) were used in the choice assays. The experiments consisted of analyzing the preference for settling and oviposition of B. tabaci MEAM1 on different parts of healthy and infected tomato plants (apical, middle and lower portions); among infected tomato plants with or without virus symptoms (time of viral infection); and among different host plants, including two weeds Physalis angulata L. (joá-decapote) and Solanum americanum L. (maria-pretinha) and one crop plant, Solanum lycopersicum L. (tomato). In addition, we investigated whether there is a difference in the efficiency of transmission of ToCV to tomato plants using such plant species as sources. It was found that the whiteflies prefer the apical part of tomato plants for both landing and oviposition. ToCV concentration is higher in the middle third of tomato plants, followed by the apical and basal thirds, but transmission efficiency by B. tabaci MEAM1 is similar when the insect acquires the virus from leaves of different parts of the plant. Non-viruliferous adults prefer to settle and lay eggs on asymptomatic (in latent phase of ToCV infection) than on symptomatic leaves, indicating the importance of latent infections on virus spread, whereas virulferous adults do not discriminate between leaves showing symptoms or not. Viruliferous insects prefer to settle (in decreasing order) on S. americanum, tomato and P. angulata, regardless of the plant infection or not by ToCV, whereas nonviruliferous insects prefer tomato to S. americanum in the case of healthy plants, but do not discriminate between the two plant species when they are infected. Transmission efficiency of ToCV to tomato plants was similar after acquisition on S. americanum, tomato and P. angulata, showing that the three species may serve as inoculum sources for virus spread; S. americanum appears to be particularly important, since it is a preferred host for settling and oviposition by B. tabaci MEAM1.

Efeitos de &lt;i&gt;Tomato chlorosis virus&lt;/i&gt; (ToCV) na seleção de plantas hospedeiras por &lt;i&gt;Bemisia tabaci&lt;/i&gt; (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)