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Effect of thinning on the interaction between the components of a Silvopastural System Thinning is a traditional and widely adopted silvicultural technique, consisting of the removal of a portion of the basal area of the forest stands with the main objective of reducing the competition for resources and concentrating the growth in the final harvest trees. The adoption of silvopastoral systems has been growing in Brazil and with this, the opportunity to produce lumber, but little information is available on the management of these types of crops. The objective of this study was to define a strategy of thinning silvopastoral systems in areas of water deficit, taking into account the production of sawn wood and pasture. The experiment was conducted in an area planted in 2011 with Eucalyptus urophylla x grandis, spaced 9 m by 3 m, in a consortium with Brachiaria brizantha marandu (planted in 2013), established in 2013, located in the municipality of Correntina BA. In 2015, the experiment was installed in a randomized complete block design with three blocks and six treatments. The treatments and intensities of thinning were (represented as percentage of trees removed by rows): 0% -0%, 50% -33%, 100% -0%, 50% -50%, 50-66%, 100% -33%. The total plot has a rectangular shape and size of 100 by 54 meters, covering six rows, and the measurement plot size of 75 by 18 meters and comprising two rows. Five evaluations were performed, at three month intervals, of the tree component, and the DBH, height, crown height, crown area and leaf area index were measured. Four evaluations, repeated every three months, of pasture biomass and soil moisture were carried out.Nine systematic samples were taken per plot in an area of 0.25 m2 and cuts were performed at a height of 20 cm. For the soil, two samples were collected at depths of 20 and 40 cm from the soil, in the same locality where the grazing samples were collected. The evaluation of the tree component showed that the DBH, canopy length in relation to height, crown area had a positive response with thinning, but height showed a negative response to thinning. The basal area of the silvopastoral system and the biomass production of the forage plant resulted an inverse relation, since the shading of the tree component has a positive relation with the basal area and the pasture production has negative relation with the shading. The dry matter production of the pasture had a positive response to thinning when compared to the treatment without thinning. The densities of 370 arv.ha-1 and 142 arv.ha-1 resulted in lower soil moisture. Thinning had a positive effect on water conservation by reducing total evapotranspiration of the tree component, but high thinning intensities have reduced soil moisture due to increased evapotranspiration of soil and pasture. The most adequate thinning for silvopastural system is of medium intensities, with a retained basal area around 4 m2 / ha and arrangements with a rectangular coefficient lower than 2.

Efeito do desbaste na interação entre os componentes de um sistema silvipastoril