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Geomorphometric segmentation associated with soils types via geotechnologies Soils are vital for all terrestrial ecosystems and the majority of resources for maintenance of human beings depend on them. Their use is important for agriculture and, in order to be used in this manner, it is essential to know them, as well as how they are and where they are located in the landscape. This knowledge can be acquired through soil surveys, that have several limitations, such as high financial demand, time-consuming execution and subjectivity associated with the pedologists tacit knowledge. Considering this, new strategies are needed to support the elaboration of soil maps. One promising approach is the identification of detailed natural units of relief, since it is possible to predict the occurrence of attributes and types of soils in the landscape when associating the features of their profiles with those of their surface. Therefore, this research aims to test digital procedures for detailed segmentation of hillslope elements and to relate them to soil attributes and taxonomic classes. In a study area of 2,500 ha located in the Piracicaba (SP) region, geomorphometric parameters hierarchically organized into rules in a decision tree were used in order to classify, in a detailed scale (1:10,000), five hillslope elements (summit, shoulder, backslope, footslope and toeslope). A similarity analysis strategy was used to identify groupings of soil samples from the same class, from different sets of variables. This digital segmentation showed that it is possible to make explicit the location of each one of the hillslope elements, where similar soil profiles are dominant. In most cases, this similarity can be verified with the use of both conventional and spectral analyses of soil samples collected up to a depth of 1 m. This digital classification of hillslope elements can support 1 and 2 order soil survey (scales 1:36,680 or greater).

Segmentação geomorfométrica associada com tipos de solos via geotecnologias