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Genetic transformation of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. 'Micro-Tom') and of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck) with Csd1 gene (copper/zinc superoxide dismutase), isolated of Poncirus trifoliata Although the citrus industry is an important economic activity in Brazil, in recent years there has been a significant reduction in the national citrus production. The low profitability of the citrus sector has faced due to the high production cost is mainly attributed to phytosanitary problems, particularly diseases that directly affect productivity of orchards. Currently, huanglongbing (HLB) is the most serious disease that affects the global citrus industry and the damage is severe in all citrus varieties. Genetic transformation of plants is an alternative to obtain transgenic plants with genes that stimulate the plant defense system, making it resistant to diseases. Despite the effectiveness of protocols for genetic transformation of citrus, a characteristic disadvantage of perennial plants is the slow reproductive cycle, hindering validation of new genes of interest. Therefore, an important strategy is the use of model plants, such as the tomato, which has a short cycle and good genetic transformation efficiency. The objective of this study was to obtain transgenic plants of Solanum lycopersicum cv. "Micro-Tom 'and Citrus sinensis, containing the gene construct with Csd1 gene (copper/zinc superoxide dismutase), isolated of Poncirus trifoliata. The protein encoded by the gene Csd1, also known as SOD1 (superoxide dismutase 1), is the most powerful antioxidant in nature and is important constituent of cellular defense against oxidative stress caused by bacterial infection. ‘Micro-tom’ tomato was used as a model for pathogenic gene validation. However, due to its low efficiency of genetic transformation, the inoculation experiments with the pathogen were not realized. Posteriorly, the characterization of gene function Csd1 in relation to the HLB disease will be realize with citrus transgenic plants. The objective of this study was to obtain transgenic plants of Solanum lycopersicum cv. 'Micro-Tom' and of Citrus sinensis, containing the gene construction with Csd1 gene (copper/zinc superoxide dismutase), isolated of Poncirus trifoliata, for validation and for future study of this gene for resistance to HLB. Proteins encoded by the Csd1 gene, also known as SOD1 (superoxide dismutase 1), are the most powerful antioxidants in nature and are important constituents of cellular defense against oxidative stress caused by bacterial infection. The identification of transgenic plants of tomato and sweet orange was performed by the PCR analysis using primers for the detection of Csd1 gene. The PCR+ plants were acclimatized and transferred to a greenhouse. The genetic transformation efficiency of tomato 'Micro-Tom' and sweet orange cultivars, 'Hamlin' and 'Pineapple', were 0.34%, 4.74% and 3.65%, respectively. The molecular characterization with the Southern blot and RT-qPCR analyses was performed only in citrus plants. The transgene integration was confirmed in 32 plants. The number of insertion events ranged from 1-5 and the presence of Csd1 endogenous gene is found in three distinct locations in the plants genome. The mRNA level of the transgene was verified in 21 plants that had only a single transgene insertion into the plant genome. The results show that there was transcription of Csd1 gene in transgenic plants as well as in non-transgenic plants. The relation between the transgene transcript level with the resistance of plants to pathogens is set after inoculation with Candidadus Liberibacter.

Transformação genética de tomateiro (&lt;i&gt;Solanum lycopersicum&lt;/i&gt; cv. \'Micro-Tom\') e de laranja doce (&lt;i&gt;Citrus sinensis&lt;/i&gt; L. Osbeck) com o gene &lt;i&gt;Csd&lt;/i&gt;1 (superóxido dismutase do cobre e do zinco), isolado de&lt;i&gt; Poncirus trifoliata