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Influence of ultimate pH in the biochemistry and quality of muscle Longissimus dorsi of Bos taurus indicus bulls The ultimate pH (pHu) of the postmortem muscle is broadly use as a potential meat tenderness indicator and is an important factor related to meat quality. Brazil is the bovine meat exporter world leader; nevertheless the values of the postmortem pHu of the muscle and its impact on the meat quality of Bos indicus taurus bulls, are unknown. Therefore, the objective of this research was to establish the values of pHu after 48 hours postmortem and its impact over the meat quality through the characterization of the biochemical processes that occurs in the muscle Longissimus dorsi of Bos taurus indicus bulls. In order to know the actual pHu of the Brazilian bulls, a preliminary study were made, using 399 carcasses of a commercial slaughter house and resulting three levels of pHu: pHu 5,5 to 5,8 (low-normal); pHu 5,81 to 6,3 (intermediate); pHu > 6,3 (high). Twelve muscles Longissimus dorsi were cut into steaks, classified into the three groups of pHu, vacuum packed up and matured at 2°C for 0 (48h), 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Drip loss, color, shear force, myofibril fragmentation index, total and soluble collagen and miofibrillar proteolysis were evaluated. The high pHu meat presented more tenderness from the beginning of the experiment (P<0,05) when compared with the other groups. The medium pHu steaks presented the highest shear force values (P<0,05), indicating a slower tenderization process in relation to the other pHu groups. The drip loss values diminished as the value of pHu rised (P< 0,05). The values of L*, a*, b* did not show significant differences within the groups of pHu. The highest miofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI) through the maturation time, was found in the high pHu meat, followed by the low pHu group and then by the intermediate pHu group (P<0,05). At 48 hours postmortem, degradation of proteins, like desmin and troponin-T, was higher and more evident in the high and low-normal pHu when compared to the intermediate pHu, where the bands and its degradation were only observed by the end of the experiment. Key proteins like filamin and nebulin, showed higher degradation rate from the 48 h postmortem in the high pHu group, and a slower degradation in the intermediate pHu group. No differences were observed through the pHu groups, nor through the maturation time (P<0,05), for total and soluble collagen values. Then, it is possible to say that the meat quality of Bos taurus indicus bulls, especially the tenderness, is related to the pHu, and can be affected by the proteolytic systems activity. In general, the tenderness and the MFI were more inconsistent in the medium pHu group (5,8-6,3) than in the two other pHu groups, as a consequence of a late proteolysis.

Influência do pH final na bioquímica e qualidade do músculo &lt;i&gt;Longissimus dorsi&lt;/i&gt; de animais &lt;i&gt;Bos taurus indicus&lt;/i&gt; machos inteiros