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Wood waste management in small industries of higher value-added wood products In Brazil, the solid wood products sector with higher added value consists of a large number of micro and small family businesses, national capital that manufacture frames, furniture, flooring and other products on request. These companies are generating large and diverse amounts of wood waste, together with inadequate management of this waste, resulting in negative impacts to the environment and to public health, damaging the company. This study aims, through a case study of a small higher value-added wood products industry located in Piracicaba SP, to identify non-compliance and major challenges facing the sector in the management of wood waste in order to obtain information necessary for the preparation of a model of Solid Waste Management Plan, following the guidelines of the National Solid Waste Policy based on Cleaner Production. Through observations "in loco", interviews with employees, review of documentation and quantification of residues at each manufacturing operation, we arrived at a diagnosis of waste generation. After characterization, the waste were classified according to origin and danger based on PNRS and NBR 10004: 2004. We have identified the operative factors and critical points of generation of each type of wood waste. To evaluate the productive system and operating waste management of the company, we used the "tree diagram" method. Subsequently developed the model of Solid Waste Management Plan. The wood waste of the company were classified as industrial and Class II “A” source because they does not receive any chemicals during the production processes. Products with lower incomes were decks and frames with 52.66% and 52.85%; with higher waste generation were jambs, with 11.04% of thick waste; in the floor 34.69% of fine waste; and frames, 22.18% of use material. The major factors generating residues were related to the lack of modulation between the raw material and product design, high incidence of defects in the wood before and after drying, defects in the wood and inappropriate moisture content. The most critical points of the generation were: (i) the drying of wood, whose disposal problems subsequently appeared during the wood processing; (ii) the manufacture of doors, the cuts in width (circular saw) and thicknesser; (iii) frames, in cutting width (circular saw); (iv) on the deck, in milling (molding); (v) in the floor, use of a tenoning machine instead of molding for milling; and (vi) form jambs, in thicknesser and cross-cut. The priority actions recommended were better quality raw material; maintenance of equipment and training of employees. It was found that the current model of waste management of the Company was appropriate disposal and recovery of waste, but lacked actions to generate savings. A model of SWMP with priority actions to reduce generation and greater recovery of waste was produced and can be applied in companies of the finished products of solid wood sector size and similar characteristics, contributing to compliance with legislation and greater sustainability in productive chain.

Gerenciamento de resíduos madeireiros em pequenas indústrias de produtos de madeira de maior valor agregado