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Potential and availability of biomass sugarcane in the Center-South region of Brazil: an application of locational models for energy purposes The search for energy security in major consumption centers has established itself as a high priority in the global context, given the population growth and the demand for food and energy. Nationally the energy matrix is mainly linked to the water source so that, in periods of rain shortage, energy security is compromised. In this context, the thermoelectric power, in particular, produced by sugarcane biomass, shows up as a sustainable alternative promoting energy security. Thus, the study aims to identify qualitatively and quantitatively the potential and availability of biomass from sugarcane, bagasse and straw for energy use in cogeneration operation and as raw material for second generation ethanol production in SouthCenter region. For this, it was conducted a data collection for the 2013/14 season with 77 sugarcane mills in order to develop agronomic indicators (measurement of bagasse and straw sugarcane supply), technological indicators (industry cogeneration potential) and market indicators (electricity prices and participation in different marketing environments). From this information it was proposed a mathematical model aimed at maximizing the profit of the sugarcane industry valued at four scenarios: 1. Scenario A: based on the information gathered in the survey; 2. Scenario B: considering increasing the export limit for the network and energy prices to levels recorded in 2014/15 crop; 3. Scenario C: requesting the input of the main potential mesoregions installing stand alone units and; Scenario D: considering other parameters of investment and costs in E2G on the short and medium periods. The survey results were released to Brazil and mesoregions located in the Center-South region. In general, agronomic indicators for a typical sugarcane mill in Brazil have medium crush of 3 million tons of sugarcane, 12% of plant impurity and 88% of mechanized harvesting. These indicators provide a supply of bagasse and straw to the system of approximately 1 million tons of biomass. Technological indicators in Brazil showed that 39% of sampled boiler had a low vapor pressure technology (21 bar), 22% (up to 48 bar), 5% (up to 65 bar) and 34% (over 65 bar). The sampled turbogenerators were 69% simple counter, counter with 14% and 17% extraction condensation. As for the market indicators, for energy exported mills, the share was 53% in the open market at an average price of R$ 230.00 / MWh and it was 47% in the regulated market with pricing R$ 191.00 MWh. In relation to results obtained in the proposed model, it was possible to evaluate the optimal allocation of biomass in mesoregions and energy export potential, cellulosic ethanol and expansion investments. From these results it is possible to propose a more assertive targeting of strategic planning, investment and public policy to increase the sustainability of the sugarcane industry.

Potencial e disponibilidade de biomassa de cana-de-açúcar na região Centro-Sul do Brasil: uma aplicação de modelos de localização ótima para fins energéticos