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Blends of polymer coated urea and conventional urea in maize fertilization Controlled release fertilizers such polymer coated urea can provide better synchrony between nitrogen (N) availability in the soil and its requirements by maize (Zea mays L.). To evaluate the effect of different use strategies of polymer coated urea on the availability of inorganic nitrogen, nitrate (NO3 ) and ammonium (NH4 + ) throughout the crop cycle, and the grain yield, field experiments were carried out in the 2012-2013 growing season, in two soilclimatic conditions, in Piracicaba, São Paulo State. The soils were a clayey and a sandy Oxisol. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications, and the treatments consisted of 180 kg N ha -1 , using two sources of N, polymer coated urea and conventional urea, respectively, in proportions of 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50% and 0:100%, besides a treatment with urea in conventional management, split-applied (20% at seeding and 80% side-dressed in V4-V6 corn growth stage) and a control (without N). Maize hybrid with high productivity potential was used. The fertilizers applied at seeding were placed in bands 5 cm depth and 10 cm aside the corn row. To determine the inorganic nitrogen content in the soil at 0-0.1, 0.1-0.2, 0.2-0.4 and 0.4-0.6 m soil layers, samples were collected at seeding, V4, V12 and R3 corn growth stage in the clayey Oxisol, and at sedding, V6, V14 and R4 in the sandy Oxisol. Grain yield, aerial biomass, nitrogen uptake by the aerial biomass, grain nitrogen uptake and internal utilization efficiency of nitrogen were evaluated. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and when differences were detected, means where separated using contrast test (p≤0.1). The maximum maize grain yield in the experiments was approximately 10 Mg ha -1 . In the two experiments, polymer coated urea led to a greater inorganic nitrogen availability throughout the maize cycle, which resulted in higher yield comparing to the use of conventional urea in the sandy Oxisol, not thus in the clayey Oxisol, where no effects of treatments in grain yield were observed. The use of blends of polymer coated urea and conventional urea in maize fertilization, with ratios ranging from 100 to 50% of the controlled release source, was efficient and can be considered a strategy that supplies N as the crop demands it, and thus lead to a greater maize grain yield under agroclimatic favorable conditions.

Misturas de ureia revestida com polímeros e ureia convencional na adubação da cultura de milho