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Potential of natives species to produce timber in forest restoration plantings There is a growing demand today for tropical forest restoration efforts, and one of the main barriers for accomplishing this demand is the economic viability of the projects. In scenarios where ecological restoration requires the implementation of native species plantings, the exploitation of timber can be an important alternative to make restoration financially viable, as a way to achieve the ultimate goal of the restoration of the ecosystem. The lack of technical and scientific knowledge about the potential of timber production by native species in reforestation is, however, an important obstacle for applying this alternative at the large scale. In this context, we evaluated the growth of 16 native species with potential for timber production in 13 restoration plantings, with ages ranging between 6 and 96 years, located at the Seasonal Semideciduous Forest of inland São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. These species were evaluated regarding their growth in real and potential diameter, as well their total and commercial height, by modeling these parameters through multiple linear regressions. These models were generated based on the correlation among the age of the restoration planting, the most influent environmental factor (related to climate and soil) and the analyzed parameters, allowing us to obtaining the perspectives of growth for each species in scenarios of low, moderate and high site productivity. We established projections of growth in diameter considering all individuals sampled for each species in the reforestations, as well as the best 25% individuals, as means of estimating the potential growth of each species in more favorable scenarios of silvicultural management. We carried out a descriptive analysis of the qualitiative variables evaluated in the field (number of boles, quality of the tree and exposition to sun light), which were associated to the total and commercial heights, to verify if the relationship between these parameters may guide proposals of suitable silvicultural management for these species. Many of the studied species, especially Cariniana legalis and C. estrellensis, showed a satisfactory potential of timber production in restoration plantings, mainly in more favorable site conditions and under adequate silvicultural treatments, However, even under favorable conditions, some species presented growth rates excessively slow, which discourage their planting for timber production. The expected cycle of timber production for each species was highly variable according to the environmental characteristics of the site, thus reinforcing the importance to guide the selection of species for each site condition, to accomplish a suitable soil preparation before planting and to consider these site conditions for designing models of restoration for timber exploitation. In addition, most trees were dominated in the forest structure, which reinforces the importance of spacing, species composition of the vicinity and thinning in the potential of timber production.

Potencial de espécies nativas para a produção de madeira serrada em plantios de restauração florestal