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Anatomy and chemical profile of two species of the Smilax L. (Smilacaceae) genus Species of the genus Smilax L., popularly known as japecanga, salsaparrilha and aputá are widely used as medicinal plants in many kinds of treatments. This study presents anatomical features and chemical profiles of the Smilax syphilitica Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow from Atlantic Forest (Santa Teresa – Espírito Santo) and S. aff. syphilitica Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow from Amazon Forest (Manaus – Amazonas). The botanical material was herborized and identified by the genus specialist, Prof. Dr. Regina Helena Potsch Andreata. The collection was registered in the Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” herbarium under the numbers 107665 and 111412. Leaf blades (median region: intervascular, midvein and edge), stems (third internode region, close to the ground internode and underground internode), rhizophores and adventitious roots were fixed in FAA 50 (1:1:8 formaldehyde, glacial acetic acid and 50% ethylic alcohol), embedded in Historesin (Leica Historesin), sectioned by rotary microtome, stained and mounted in synthetic resin. Also, usual histochemical tests were performed. To perform cuticle the cuticle ornamentation analyses under a scanning electron microscopy. Leaf samples were fixed in Karnovsky, dehydrated in acetone series and subjected to critical point method of CO2, mounted on aluminum stubs and coated with gold. Chemical profile of both species was analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Diode Array Detector using methanol extracts (MeOH) of roots and rizophores. The studied species differ regarding cuticle thickness and ornamentation, cell wall thickness and arrangement in the epidermis, stomata classification, location and nature of chemical cell contents, presence of idioblasts with raphides, prismatic crystals, crystal sands, presence of starch grains, presence of collenchyma and thickened cells around vascular bundles in the petiole. Both species have rhizophores forming white and brown adventitious roots whose color depends on their covering tissue. Chemical profile showed presence of phenolic compounds in both species, although in S. syphilitica it was observed higher chemical complexity. The anatomical and chemical characteristics found in the studied species will provide a more secure basis for the certification and commercialization of these medicinal.

Anatomia e perfil químico de duas espécies do gênero Smilax L. (Smilacaceae)