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Herbicide selectivity for sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) crop affected by the interactions with nematicides applyed at planting Two experiments were installed with the objective of evaluating the interaction on the tolerance of sugarcane crop to herbicides by the simultaneous application of preemergence herbicides and nematicides applied in the furrow at sugarcane planting. One experiment in field conditions and one in pots installed in the experimental area at University of Sao Paulo, in Piracicaba-SP. The experimental design used was split plots and the herbicides sprayed in the field experiment were, in kg.ha: sulfentrazone (0.8), tebuthiuron (0.9), metribuzin (1.44), ametryne (2.5), diuron (2.0), clomazone (1.0), pendimenthalin (1.75) and diuron + hexazinone (1.066+0.134), and an un-weeded check. The nematicides used, in kg.ha, were: carbofuran (2.975), terbufos (3.0), aldicarb (1.5) and a check plot without nematicides. The phytotoxicity data were collected at 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days after the crop emergency (DAE) and also the yield and technological data in the end of the cycle. It was used Tukey test at 5% of probability for mean comparison. In the experiment in pots the herbicides used, in kg.ha , were: metribuzin (1.44), clomazone (1.0), pendimenthalin (1.75) and a check. The nematicides used, in kg.ha, were: carbofuran (3.0), terbufos (3.0), aldicarb (1.5) and a check plot without nematicides in a total of 16 treatments, with four replicates. The data collected at 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 DAE refer to the phytotoxicity and fresh biomass weight at 90 DAB. It was used a randomized complete block design, and Tukey test at 5% of probability for mean comparison. It can be concluded from the experiment that the interaction caused by nematicide x herbicide enhanced the phytotoxic effect of the herbicides to sugarcane. The symptoms were intense in the beginning in both field and pot experiments reducing the herbicide selectivity to sugarcane in the initial phases of the plants development. The herbicides metribuzin, diuron + hexazinone and diuron were the ones that presented lower interactions with the nematicidas in the field experiment, being the nematicide terbufos that extended more the phytotoxic symptoms as a result of the interaction, specially when in association with clomazone. The results in pots confirmed the non-interaction of metribuzin with the nematicidas and the interaction of pendimenthalin with aldicarb and terbufos, plus the interaction of clomazone and terbufos. Even with the interactions in the initial phases of the development of sugarcane plants no reduction was observed in the technological quality and yield at the end of the cycle of the plants in the field experiment, however, in pots there were losses of fresh weight biomass in the treatments with heavy phytotoxic effects up to 90 days after the plant emergence. Therefore, it can be concluded that the sugarcane variety RB 867515 has a good capacity of recovery of phytotoxic effects, however for that, sugarcane plants cycle must be completed up to harvest timing.

Seletividade de herbicidas para a cultura da cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.) afetada pela interação com nematicidas aplicados no plantio