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In sub-Saharan Africa, intense perennial Plasmodium species transmission coincides with areas of high prevalence of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection. This implies that antiretroviral naïve HIV-infected people living within these regions are repeatedly exposed to Plasmodium species infection and consequently malaria. Natural killer (NK) cells are known to contribute to malaria immunity through the production of IFN-γ after exposure to Plasmodium falciparum -infected erythrocytes (infected red blood cells [iRBC]). However, in antiretroviral naïve HIV-1 infection, these functions could be impaired. In this study we assess the ability of NK cells from antiretroviral naïve HIV-1-infected people to respond to iRBC.

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The Effect of Antiretroviral Naïve HIV-1 Infection on the Ability of Natural Killer Cells to Produce IFN-γ upon Exposure to Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Erythrocytes