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Desmoplasia and an inflammatory environment are defining features of pancreatic cancer. Unclear is how pancreatic cells that undergo oncogenic transformation can cross-talk with immune cells and how this contributes to the development of pancreatic lesions. Here, we demonstrate that pancreatic acinar cells expressing mutant KRAS can expedite their transformation to a duct-like phenotype by inducing local inflammation. Specifically, we show that KRAS(G12D) induces the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which serves as chemoattractant for macrophages. Infiltrating macrophages amplify the formation of KRAS(G12D)-caused abnormal pancreatic structures by remodeling the extracellular matrix and providing cytokines such as TNF. Depletion of macrophages or treatment with a neutralizing antibody for ICAM-1 in mice expressing oncogenic Kras under an acinar cell-specific promoter resulted in both a decreased formation of abnormal structures and decreased progression of acinar-to-ductal metaplasia to pancreatic intraepithelial neoplastic lesions.

Mutant KRAS–Induced Expression of ICAM-1 in Pancreatic Acinar Cells Causes Attraction of Macrophages to Expedite the Formation of Precancerous Lesions