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Background: Paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) refers to a recently discovered finding described in the field of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The main hallmark of PAMM is a hyper-reflective band-like lesion involving the middle layers of the retina in a parafoveal position. Typically, patients present with an acute onset of paracentral scotomas. In this article, we report a clinical case of PAMM and a brief review of the relevant literature. Methods: To obtaining clinical information, the requirements included a written informed consent form and the approval of the Ethical-Scientific Committee of Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. The literature review was carried out using a search strategy that included the terms specified in the keywords. Results: The patient presented an acute history of a superior paracentral scotoma in the right eye (RE). Fundus autofluorescence uncovered a hypo-autofluorescent area at the inferior fovea in the RE. Fluorescein angiography excluded a retinal artery occlusion and showed a hyperfluorescent capillary leakage at the same location. SD-OCT revealed a hyper-reflective band-like lesion in the middle retinal layers. A complete search for infectious, inflammatory, and vascular causes ruled out secondary conditions. These results were consistent with a diagnosis of PAMM. Conclusions: Clinical presentation and laboratory findings were compatible with the actual evidence concerning PAMM. The current management consists of identification and treatment of related vascular and systemic associated factors because there is no specific treatment for this condition. In this case, a negative study of secondary aetiologies supported the decision of clinical observation.

Maculopatía media paracentral aguda: a propósito de un caso y revisión de la literatura.