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The design and development of second-generation titanium oxide photocatalysts which absorbUV-visible light and work as efficient photocatalysts under irradiation of light in the UV-visible lightregions were successfuly carriedout by applying advancedmetal ion-implantation techniques. Titanium oxidecatalysts were implanted with various transition-metal ions by a high-voltage acceleration technique,then calcined in O2 at around 723–823 K to produce photocatalysts capable of absorbing visible light, theextent of such redshift depending on the kind and amount of metal ion implanted. The transition-metal ion implanted titaniumoxide photocatalysts, specifically using V, Mn, or Cr ions, were successful in carring outvarious photocatalytic reactions such as the decomposition of NOX and the reaction involving the decomposition of H2O at 295 K, significantly under irradiation with visible light longer than 450 nm. In outdoor fieldreactivity tests, these V or Cr ion-implanted titanium oxide photocatalysts showed four to three times higherphotocatalytic reactivity for those photocatalytic reactions under solar beam irradiation, as compared withthe original unimplanted titanium oxide photocatalyst. The advantages and possibilities of utilizing suchsecond-generation titanium oxide photocatalysts are the only way to address environmental pollution on alarge andglobal scale

Design and development of second-generation titanium oxide photocatalysts to better our environment—approaches in realizing the use of visible light