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The paper presents theoretical investigations that deal with the steady state mass flow rate, labyrinth seal-influence coefficients, and unbalance response of a cryogenic turbopump. A numerical method for calculating the leakage flow rates, stiffness, and damping coefficients of liquid hydrogen‐ lubricated seals is presented. Rotation and seal surface roughness effects are also included for leakage and dynamic force calculation. A finite element solution of a Reynolds equation is obtained for steady state as well as dynamic pressure distributions produced by a small amplitude whirl of the seal journal center (a first order perturbation solution). Film rupture is taken into account with the boundary to the ruptured film zone determined by an iterative procedure. A brief procedure is presented for modeling of the rotor/seals system. This work extends the previous theory for plain centered seals to large eccentricities using a perturbation analysis, which includes surface roughness effects. Investigations have been carried out for seal breadth-to-diameter ratio (BDR) of 0.25 to 0.5. The performance of a convergent and three-stepped seal is estimated. Numerical data for these seals for an eccentricity ratio up to 0.8 has been obtained.

High-Pressure Annular Seal Leakage and Rotordynamics with Application to Turbomachinery