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We evaluated the effects of sustained perinatal inhibition of NO synthase (NOS) on hyperoxia induced lung injury in newborn rats. N(G)-nitro-Larginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME) or untreated water was administered to pregnant rats for the final 7 days of gestation and during lactation; followed by postnatal exposure to hyperoxia (&gt;95% O(2)) or room air. The survival rate of L-NAME treated pups when placed in &gt; 95% O(2) at birth was significantly lower than controls from day 4 (L-NAME, 87%; control pups, 100%, p &lt; 0.05) to 14 (L-NAME, 0%; control pups, 53%, p &lt; 0.05). Foetal pulmonary artery vasoconstriction was induced by L-NAME with a decrease in internal diameter from 0.88 +/- 0.03 mm to 0.64 +/- 0.01 mm in control vs. L-NAME groups (p &lt; 0.05), respectively. We conclude that perinatal NOS inhibition results in pulmonary artery vasoconstriction and a decreased tolerance to hyperoxia induced lung injury in newborn rats.

Nitric oxide synthase inhibition decreases tolerance to hyperoxia in newborn rats