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<p>A severe systemic inflammatory response is usually seen after burn injury. IL-<mml:math alttext="$18$"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>18</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> enhances the Th1 immune responses in bacterial andviral infections. In order to evaluate the IL-<mml:math alttext="$18$"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>18</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> serum levels as well as IL-<mml:math alttext="$6$"><mml:mn>6</mml:mn></mml:math> and TNF-<mml:math alttext="$alpha$"><mml:mi>&#x03B1;</mml:mi></mml:math> at the <mml:math alttext="$48$"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>48</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>th hour postburn, serial serum samples of <mml:math alttext="$8$"><mml:mn>8</mml:mn></mml:math> burned patients were analyzed. <mml:math alttext="$8$"><mml:mn>8</mml:mn></mml:math> moderately burned patients were included into the study. Serum samples were taken at admission at the <mml:math alttext="$48$"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>48</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>th hour of postburn. IL-<mml:math alttext="$6$"><mml:mn>6</mml:mn></mml:math>, IL-<mml:math alttext="$18$"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>18</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>, and TNF-<mml:math alttext="$alpha$"><mml:mi>&#x03B1;</mml:mi></mml:math> serum levels were analyzed. Total mean burned surface area (TBSA) was <mml:math alttext="$24.6pm5.7\%$"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>24.6</mml:mn><mml:mo>&#x00B1;</mml:mo><mml:mn>5.7</mml:mn><mml:mi>&#x0025;</mml:mi> </mml:mrow></mml:math> and mean BMI (body mass index) was <mml:math alttext="$24.5pm3.4$"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>24.5</mml:mn><mml:mo>&#x00B1;</mml:mo><mml:mn>3.4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>. The patients' age ranged from <mml:math alttext="$17$"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>17</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> to <mml:math alttext="$38$"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>38</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> (mean <mml:math alttext="$26.3pm7.4$"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>26.3</mml:mn><mml:mo>&#x00B1;</mml:mo><mml:mn>7.4</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>) years. An increase in sera IL-<mml:math alttext="$6$"><mml:mn>6</mml:mn></mml:math>, IL-<mml:math alttext="$18$"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>18</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>, and TNF-<mml:math alttext="$alpha$"><mml:mi>&#x03B1;</mml:mi></mml:math> was detected at the <mml:math alttext="$48$"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>48</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>th hour postburn (<mml:math alttext="$P>.0001$"><mml:mrow> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&#x003C;</mml:mo><mml:mn>.0001</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>). All patients survived. A marked increase in serum levels of IL-<mml:math alttext="$18$"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>18</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> as well as the other cytokines evaluated was observed in the moderately burned patients. These three parameters were highly correlated with each other (<mml:math alttext="$r<0.9$"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>r</mml:mi><mml:mo>&#x003E;</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.9</mml:mn>  </mml:mrow></mml:math> and <mml:math alttext="$P>.001$"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P</mml:mi><mml:mo>&#x003C;</mml:mo><mml:mn>.001</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>). This is the first study that shows an increase in serum IL-<mml:math alttext="$18$"><mml:mrow><mml:mn>18</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> levels at the early postburn period.</p

Serum IL-18 Is Increased at Early Postburn Period in Moderately Burned Patients