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The protection of confidential information is a global issue and blockencryption algorithms are the most reliable option. The famous informationtheorist, Claude Shannon has given two desirable characteristics that shouldexist in a strong cipher which are substitution and permutation in theirfundamental research on Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems. block ciphersstrictly follow the substitution and permutation principle to generate aciphertext. The actual strength of the block ciphers against several attacks isentirely based on its substitution characteristic, which is gained by using theS-Box. In the current literature, algebraic structure-based and chaos-basedtechniques are highly used for the construction of S-boxes because both thesetechniques have favourable features for S-box construction, but also variousattacks of these techniques have been identified. True randomness has beenuniversally recognized as the ideal method for cipher primitives design becausetrue random numbers are unpredictable, irreversible, and unreproducible. Thebasic concept of the proposed technique is the extraction of true random bitsfrom underwater acoustic waves and to design a novel technique for the dynamicgeneration of S-boxes using the chain of knights tour. The proposed methodsatisfies all standard evaluation tests of S-boxes construction and true randomnumbers generation. Two million bits have been analyzed using the NISTrandomness test suite, and the results show that underwater sound waves are animpeccable entropy source for true randomness. Additionally, our dynamicallygenerated S-boxes have better or equal strength, over the latest publishedS-boxes (2020 to 2021). According to our knowledge first time, this type ofresearch has been done, in which natural randomness of underwater acousticwaves has been used for the construction of block cipher's S-Box

Block Ciphers Substitution Box Generation Based on Natural Randomness in Underwater Acoustics and Knights Tour Chain