The Effect of Enalapril, Losartan, or Not Antihypertensive on the Oxidative Status in Renal Transplant Recipients

The clinical and biochemical improvement observed in kidney transplant (RT) recipients is remarkable. The correct functioning of the allograft depends on various factors such as the donor’s age, the alloimmune response, the ischemia-reperfusion injury, arterial hypertension, and the interstitial fibrosis of the allograft, among others. Antihypertensive drugs are necessary for arterial hypertension patients to avoid or reduce the probability of affecting graft function in RT recipients. Oxidative stress (OS) is another complex pathophysiological process with the ability to alter posttransplant kidney function. The study’s objective was to determine the effect of the administration of Enalapril, Losartan, or not antihypertensive medication on the oxidative state in RT recipients at the beginning of the study and one year of follow-up. All patients included in the study found significant overexpression of the oxidative damage marker to DNA and the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). In contrast, it was found that the determination of the total antioxidant capacity decreased significantly in the final determination at one year of follow-up in all the patients who ingested Enalapril and Losartan. We found dysregulation of the oxidative state characterized mainly by oxidative damage to DNA and a significant increase in antioxidant enzymes, which could suggest a compensatory effect against the imbalance of the oxidative state.