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Materials and Methods    A .  keiskei  Koidzumi plant was collected from Mount Rinjani, Lombok, Indonesia, and was identified at the School of Biology Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia. Extraction of the stems (ASE) and leaves (ALE) was performed by employing ethanol 70% for 3 × 24 h at 26°C. The cytotoxicity study of the extracts was assessed using the water-soluble tetrazolium salt-8 (WST-8) reagent on the HEK293 cell line, while the nephroprotective activity assay was determined on the NAPQI-induced HEK293 cell line.Results   The WST-8 assay showed that the cytotoxicity IC 50  of ASE = 2322  μ g/mL and IC 50  of ALE = 2283  μ g/mL. The nephroprotective activity assay revealed that ASE possesses nephroprotective activity against the NAPQI-induced HEK293 cell line at 1161  μ g/mL, while ALE does not show the nephroprotective activity.Conclusion   Taken together, lower concentrations of ASE and ALE (<2000  μ g/mL) are not toxic to the HEK293 cell line, and only ASE indicates the activity to protect the HEK293 cell line against NAPQI damage. This Japanese celery could be further explored for its potential as a plant-based nephroprotective drug.

evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine

The Cytotoxicity and Nephroprotective Activity of the Ethanol Extracts of Angelica keiskei Koidzumi Stems and Leaves against the NAPQI-Induced Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK293) Cell Line