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Objective   To explore the effect of miR-138 on the function of follicular helper T (Tfh) cells and the differentiation of B cells in osteosarcoma.Methods   Clinically collect peripheral blood from osteosarcoma (OS) patients and healthy volunteers (HC), as well as OS tumor tissues (OS tumor) and adjacent tissues with normal histology (normal group). The CD4 + CXCR5 + Tfh cells of OS patients were screened and isolated by flow cytometry, and the expression of Tfh cell membrane surface antigens PD-1 and CTLA-4 was detected. In addition, qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-138 in tissues and Tfh cells, and the correlation relationship between miR-138 and PD-1 and CTLA-4 was analyzed. After interference or overexpression of miR-138 in Tfh cells, coculture with untreated B cells was done, and the levels of IL-10, IL-12, IL-21, and INF- γ  in Tfh cell culture medium and the levels of IgM, IgG, and IgA in B cell culture medium after coculture were measured by ELISA. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of B cell membrane surface antigens CD27 and CD38 after coculture.Results   The rate of PD-1- and CTLA-4 positive cells in the peripheral blood and tissues of the OS group was significantly increased, the expression of miR-138 was significantly reduced, and the expression of miR-138 was negatively correlated with the expression of PD-1 and CTLA-4. In addition, upregulation of miR-138 can lead to a significant increase in the level of IL-10 in the supernatant of Tfh cells and a significant decrease in the levels of IL-12, IL-21, and INF- γ , which in turn leads to increased levels of IgM, IgG, and IgA released by B cells. At the same time, it significantly increases the rate of CD27- and CD38-positive cells and promotes the maturation of B cells. Downregulating miR-138 has the opposite effect.Conclusion   Downregulating the expression of miR-138 in osteosarcoma can improve the dysfunction of CD4 + CXCR5 + Tfh cells and promote the differentiation of B cells.

The Effect of miR-138 on the Function of Follicular Helper T Cells and the Differentiation of B Cells in Osteosarcoma