English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Objective   Multifocality within an affected lobe (unilateral multifocality) or two lobes (bilaterality) is commonly denoted as multifocality without differentiation. Recently, there has been molecular evidence indicating that unilateral multifocality and bilaterality could be two different entities. However, few studies concerning the comparison between these two different multifocality entities have been reported.Design   A retrospective cohort study.Methods   From 2010 to 2013, in total, 949 consecutive patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) were enrolled and further divided into four groups based on multifocality status. Unilateral multifocality and bilaterality were analyzed by binary logistic regression along with other clinicopathological factors.Results   Unilateral multifocality, instead of bilaterality, was correlated with central neck metastasis (CNM) in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Group IV (unilateral multifocality and bilaterality coexist) had the highest CNM rate. Group III (unilateral multifocality) had a higher CNM rate than group II (bilaterality, single lesion in each lobe), with a significant difference ( p  = 0.032). Similar lateral neck metastasis tendency was observed among the four groups. In the multivariate analysis, only unilateral multifocality and bilaterality which coexisted were correlated with CNM. Moreover, 9 cases had a recurrence, with the recurrence rate ranking top in group IV (3.6%), second in group III (2.8%), and third in group II (1.2%). The difference was significant ( p  = 0.021).Conclusion   Unilateral multifocality and bilaterality could be two different multifocal entities in patients with PTMC. Unilateral multifocality serving as a prognostic factor indicated a worse prognosis than bilaterality on neck metastasis. When the two factors coexisted in PTMC, patients had the highest risk of CNM and possibly local recurrence compared with those with either risk factor alone.

Unilateral Multifocality and Bilaterality Could Be Two Different Multifocal Entities in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma