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Gentiopicroside (GPS), an antiaging secoiridoid glycoside, was isolated from  Gentiana rigescens  Franch, a traditional Chinese medicine. It prolonged the replicative and chronological lifespans of yeast. Autophagy, especially mitophagy, and antioxidative stress were examined to clarify the mechanism of action of this compound. The free green fluorescent protein (GFP) signal from the cleavage of GFP-Atg8 and the colocation signal of MitoTracker Red CMXRos and GFP were increased upon the treatment of GPS. The free GFP in the cytoplasm and free GFP and ubiquitin of mitochondria were significantly increased at the protein levels in the GPS-treated group. GPS increased the expression of an essential autophagy gene,  ATG32  gene, but failed to extend the replicative and chronological lifespans of  ATG32  yeast mutants. GPS increased the survival rate of yeast under oxidative stress condition; enhanced the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase; and decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde. The replicative lifespans of  Δsod1 ,  Δsod2 ,  Δuth1 , and  Δskn7  were not affected by GPS. These results indicated that autophagy, especially mitophagy, and antioxidative stress are involved in the antiaging effect of GPS.

oxidative medicine and cellular longevity

Gentiopicroside, a Secoiridoid Glycoside from <i>Gentiana rigescens</i> Franch, Extends the Lifespan of Yeast via Inducing Mitophagy and Antioxidative Stress

Gentiopicroside, a Secoiridoid Glycoside from Gentiana rigescens Franch, Extends the Lifespan of Yeast via Inducing Mitophagy and Antioxidative Stress