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Aiming at the strain-hardening and strain-softening phenomena between geosynthetics and tailings during pull-out tests, bilinear and trilinear shear stress-displacement softening models were proposed. The pull-out process of the hardening reinforcement was divided into the elastic stage, elastic-hardening transition stage, and pure hardening stage. The pull-out process of the softened reinforcement was divided into the elastic stage, elastic-softening transition stage, pure softening stage, softening-residual transition stage, and pure residual stage. The expressions of the interface tension, shear stress, and displacement at the different stages under a pull-out load were derived through the interface basic control equation. At the same time, the evolution law of the interface shear stress at different pull-out stages was analysed, and the predicted results of the two elastic-plastic models were compared with the experimental results. The results show that the predicted results are in good agreement with the experimental data, which verifies the validity of the proposed two elastic-plastic models for the progressive failure analysis of reinforcement at the pull-out interface. During the process of pull-out, the transition stage is not obvious. When the reinforcement is in the elastic stage, the nonlinearity and maximum value of the interface shear stress increase with an increase in the elastic shear stiffness, while the tensile stiffness shows the opposite trend. When the reinforcement is in the hardening or softening stage, the larger the hardening (softening) shear stiffness is, the larger the change range of shear stress is and the more obvious the hardening (softening) characteristics of the reinforcement are. The results comprehensively reflect the progressive failure of reinforcement-tailing interfaces with different strain types and provide theoretical support for the study of the interface characteristics of geosynthetic-reinforced tailings.

Analysis of the Elastic-Plastic Theoretical Model of the Pull-Out Interface between Geosynthetics and Tailings