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This study is to investigate the effect of  Paeonia lactiflora  extract on PMS anxiety and on expression of estrogen receptor  β  (ER β ), tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH2), and serotonin transporter (SERT) in the premenstrual syndrome (PMS) anxiety model rats. The vaginal smear and open field test were used to screen rats in nonreception phase of estrus cycle with similar macroscopic behaviors and regular estrus cycle. PMS anxiety model rats were prepared by electrical stimulation. RT-PCR and immunofluorescence were used to measure the expression of ER β , TPH2, and SERT. Compared with normal rats, the total distance in the open field test of the model rats was significantly increased ( P  < 0.05). The model rats showed nervous alertness, irritability, and sensitivity to external stimuli. After treatment with the  Paeonia lactiflora  extract, the total distance of rats was significantly reduced ( P  < 0.05). In reception stage, there was no significant difference in the mRNA and protein expression of ER β , TPH2, and SERT. In nonreception stage, the expression of ER β  and TPH2 in the model group was significantly decreased ( P  < 0.05) as compared with the control group, but not SERT. Abnormal changes of the above indicators were reversed after the administration of the  Paeonia lactiflora  extract. In conclusion,  Paeonia lactiflora  extract can increase the expression of ER β  and TPH2 and decrease SERT in PMS model rats, which may be one of the mechanisms underlying the effect of  Paeonia lactiflora  extract on PMS.

Effects of Paeonia lactiflora Extract on Estrogen Receptor β, TPH2, and SERT in Rats with PMS Anxiety