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The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between seven important  H .  pylori  virulence factors and antibiotic resistance in patients with gastritis.  H .  pylori  strains isolated from 33 patients with gastritis were examined. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were tested by GenoType® HelicoDR (Hain Life Science, Germany) test kit and RT-PCR. The virulence-factors were determined using conventional PCR. 39% of patients were resistant for clarithromycin and 27% of patients were resistant for fluoroquinolone. 15% of patients were resistant to both clarithromycin and fluoroquinolone. The  H .  pylori vacA m1/s2  genotype was the most frequent allelic combination. Patients were possessed the  vacA s1 ,  m1  (6.1%);  s1 ,  m2  (6.1%);  s2 ,  m1  (15.1%); and  s2 ,  m2  (3.0%) genotypes. 94% of patients with gastritis were positive for  H .  pylori napA  gene. Also, there were no  dupA  gene-positive gastritis patients. There was no significant correlation between the  vacA ,  cagA ,  oipA ,  hpaA ,  babA ,  napA ,  dupA ,  ureA ,  ureB  virulence genes, clarithromycin, and fluoroquinolone resistance. Herein, we report that the relationship between the  H .  pylori napA  gene and gastritis. Although we found a correlation between  H .  pylori  virulence factor and clinical outcome, there is a need for further studies to enlighten the relation between  H .  pylori  virulence genes and antibiotic resistance.

gastroenterology research and practice

Analysis of Correlation between the Seven Important Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) Virulence Factors and Drug Resistance in Patients with Gastritis