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The regulatory effect of luteolin on the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear from the perspective of apoptosis. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of luteolin against A β  25-35 -induced cell apoptosis in pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells. A β  25-35  was used to induce an in vitro model of AD. Estradiol was used as a positive control. The PC-12 cells were incubated with luteolin alone or in combination with fulvestrant or U0126. The results showed that luteolin treatment significantly prevents A β  25-35 -induced decrease in cell viability and inhibits A β  25-35 -induced cell apoptosis. After the addition of fulvestrant and U0126, the apoptosis rate of PC-12 cells increased significantly. In addition, luteolin treatment significantly upregulated the expression of Bcl-2 and downregulated the expression of Bax and caspase-3, whereas fulvestrant and U0126 partially reversed the effects of luteolin. Moreover, luteolin treatment upregulated the expression of ER β  and p-ERK1/2, whereas fulvestrant blocked the expression of p-ERK1/2. The study showed that luteolin could activate the ER/ERK/MAPK signalling pathway to protect PC-12 cells against A β  25-35 -induced cell apoptosis via selectively acting on ER β . Thus, luteolin may be considered as a potential novel therapeutic strategy for AD.

Luteolin Protects Pheochromocytoma (PC-12) Cells against Aβ25-35-Induced Cell Apoptosis through the ER/ERK/MAPK Signalling Pathway