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Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most frequent infections in kidney transplant patients (KTPs). This infection is mainly caused by uropathogenic  Escherichia coli  (UPEC). Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) was also increasingly identified in UPEC. This study proposed to investigate the frequency of quinolone-resistance plasmid genes and the O-antigen serogroup among UPEC isolated from KTPs and non-KTP with UTI.Methods   Totally, 114 UPEC isolates from 49 KTPs and 65 non-KTPs patients diagnosed with an UPEC-associated UTI were obtained from June 2019 to December 2019 at three laboratory centers in Isfahan, Iran. The isolates were confirmed through phenotypic and genotypic methods. Moreover, the antimicrobial susceptibility test to nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ofloxacin was performed using a disk diffusion method. The presence of the  qnr  gene as well as the serogroup distribution was identified using the PCR method.Result   According to data, the distribution of  O1 ,  O2 ,  O4 ,  O16 , and  O25  serogroups were 3.5%, 2.6, 3.5, 3.5, and 20.2%, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern revealed that the highest and lowest resistance rates were to nalidixic acid (69.3%) and norfloxacin (43.9%), respectively. Also, the frequency of  qnrS  and  qnrB  genes were 33.3% and 15.8%, respectively, while none of the isolates was found to be positive for the  qnrA  gene. There was no significant association between the presence of  qnr  genes and higher antibiotic resistance.Conclusion   This study recognized that the  qnrS  gene,  O25  serotype, and resistance to nalidixic acid had the highest frequencies in UPEC strains isolated from UTI patients.

biomed research international

Characterization of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance and Serogroup Distributions of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli among Iranian Kidney Transplant Patients