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Secondary metabolites of the roots of  Eleutherococcus  spp. cultivated in Poland, or the bioactivity, are not fully known. The 75% methanol extracts of five  Eleutherococcus  spp. ( E. senticosus ,  E. divaricatus ,  E. sessiliflorus ,  E. gracilistylus , and  E. henryi ) were examined for the content of polyphenols and phenolic acids as well as for antiacetylcholinesterase, antihyaluronidase, anti-DPPH ∗ , and cytotoxic activities. The richest in polyphenols were the roots of  E. henryi  (10.4 mg/g DW), while in flavonoids the roots of  E. divaricatus  (6.5 mg/g DW). The richest in phenolic acids occurred the roots of  E. henryi  [protocatechuic acid (1865  μ g/g DE), caffeic acid (244  μ g/g DE), and  p -coumaric and ferulic acids (55  μ g/g DE)]. The highest inhibition of AChE was observed for  E. gracilistylus  and  E. sessiliflorus  (32%), at the concentration of 100  μ g/0.19 mL of the reaction mixture, while that of Hyal for the roots of  E. henryi  (40.7%), at the concentration of 100  μ g/0.16 mL of the reaction mixture. Among five species tested, the  E. henryi  extract exhibited the strongest HL-60 cell line growth's inhibition (IC 50  270  μ g/mL). The extracts reduced DPPH ∗  in a time-dependent mode, at the concentration of 0.8 mg/mL. After 90 min from 14.7 to 26.2%, DPPH ∗ was reduced. A phytochemical composition and activity of the  Eleutherococcus  species, cultivated in Poland, are still under research; however, on the basis of the results obtained, it may be concluded that they may become a source of phytochemicals and be useful for Europe's citizens.

oxidative medicine and cellular longevity

<i>Eleutherococcus</i>Species Cultivated in Europe: A New Source of Compounds with Antiacetylcholinesterase, Antihyaluronidase, Anti-DPPH, and Cytotoxic Activities

EleutherococcusSpecies Cultivated in Europe: A New Source of Compounds with Antiacetylcholinesterase, Antihyaluronidase, Anti-DPPH, and Cytotoxic Activities