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Fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin (L-OHP) are the most commonly used chemotherapy drugs for colorectal cancer, though resistance is common. Compound  Sophora  injection is a traditional Chinese medicine that can protect the liver against oxidation, improve immunity, and enhance sensitivity to chemotherapy; it may have an effect of reversing resistance in 5-FU- and L-OHP-resistant gastric cancer cells (5-FU/SW480 and L-OHP/SW480, respectively). A concentration gradient experiment was performed to identify a nontoxic dose of compound  Sophora  injection. 5-FU/SW480 and L-OHP/SW480 cells were treated with the nontoxic dose of compound radix Sophorae injection for 48 h, and changes in drug resistance to 5-FU and L-OHP were detected. Alterations in apoptosis and the cell cycle were assessed, as were the mRNA and protein levels of permeability glycoprotein (P-gp), annexin A1 (ANXA1), and ATP-binding cassette superfamily G member 2 (ABCG2). Flow cytometry showed a reduction in the number of cells in the G1 phase and an increase of cells in the S phase ( P  < 0.05). mRNA and protein expression of P-gp and ABCG2 was significantly higher in 5-FU/SW480 and L-OHP/SW480 cell lines, and ANXA1 expression decreased significantly ( P  < 0.05). Compound  Sophora  injection can reverse the drug resistance of 5-FU/SW480 and L-OHP/SW480 cell lines to 5-FU and L-OHP, respectively, possibly through a mechanism involving reduced expression of P-gp and ABCG2 but enhanced expression of ANXA1, which is the basis for the identification of clinical drug resistance in colorectal cancer.

The Effect of Compound Sophora on Fluorouracil and Oxaliplatin Resistance in Colorectal Cancer Cells