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Objective   To investigate the feasibility of laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative dissection (LECD) for small gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) without causing injury to the mucosa, compared with ESD surgery which is widely used now.Methods   A total of 25 patients with small gastric GISTs who underwent LECD and 20 patients with small gastric GISTs who underwent ESD between October 2014 and June 2016 were included in this study. All patients underwent curative resection for pathologically diagnosed small gastric GISTs. Patients' clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.Results   In LECD group, the operation was successfully performed in all patients. However, in the ESD group, three patients were transferred to laparoscopic surgery due to intraoperative massive bleeding or intraoperative perforation. No additional targeted chemotherapy drugs for interstitial tumors were prescribed in two groups. There was no difference in the complete tumor capsule rate (100% vs. 90%,  p  = 0.11), operation time (80.76 ± 13.86 ml vs. 84.05 ± 15.33 ml,  p  = 0.45), major intraoperative bleeding (0 vs. 5%,  p  = 0.26), postoperative bleeding (0 vs. 10%,  p  = 0.11), and postoperative infection (0 vs. 10%,  p  = 0.11) between the two groups. Compared to ESD (endoscopic submucosal dissection), LECS patients had shorter postoperative indwelling gastric tube (1.04 ± 0.98 d vs. 2.85 ± 0.24 d,  p  < 0.01), earlier postoperative eating (1.96 ± 0.98 d vs. 3.50 ± 1.15 d,  p  < 0.01), shorter average postoperative hospital stay (3.44 ± 1.00 d vs. 7.85 ± 1.18 d,  p  < 0.01), smaller perforation rate (0 vs. 25%,  p  < 0.05), and fewer surgical supplies. No recurrence or metastasis cases were found between the two groups during the follow-up period, and there were no cases of death due to gastric GISTs.Conclusion   LECD is a novel surgery for small gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors that leads to satisfactory short-term outcomes and meets the idea of minimally invasive surgery and rapid recovery; compared with ESD, LECD surgery has some advantages in clinical practice. However, further follow-up is needed to confirm.

Laparoscopic and Endoscopic Cooperative Dissection for Small Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor without Causing Injury to the Mucosa