English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms responsible for resistance to antimicrobials in a collection of enterobacterial isolates recovered from two hospitals in Saudi Arabia. A total of six strains isolated from different patients showing high resistance to carbapenems was recovered in 2015 from two different hospitals, with four being  Klebsiella pneumoniae  and two  Enterobacter cloacae.  All isolates except one  K. pneumoniae  were resistant to tigecycline, but only one  K. pneumoniae  was resistant to colistin. All produced a carbapenemase according to the Carba NP test, and all were positive for the EDTA-disk synergy test for detection of MBL. Using PCR followed by sequencing, the four  K. pneumoniae  isolates produced the carbapenemase NDM-1, while the two  E. cloacae  isolates produced the carbapenemase VIM-1. Genotyping analysis by Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) showed that three out of the four  K. pneumoniae  isolates were clonally related. They had been recovered from the same hospital and belonged to Sequence Type (ST) ST152. In contrast, the fourth  K. pneumoniae  isolate belonged to ST572. Noticeably, the NDM-1-producing  K. pneumoniae  additionally produced an extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) of the CTX-M type, together with OXA-1 and TEM-1. Surprisingly, the three clonally related isolates produced different CTX-M variants, namely, CTX-M-3, CTX-M-57, and CTX-M-82, and coproduced QnrB, which confers quinolone resistance, and the 16S rRNA methylase RmtC, which confers high resistance to all aminoglycosides. The AAC(6′)-Ib acetyltransferase was detected in both  K. pneumoniae  and  E. cloacae . Mating-out assays using  Escherichia coli  as recipient were successful for all isolates. The  bla  NDM-1  gene was always identified on a 70-kb plasmid, whereas the  bla  VIM-1  gene was located on either a 60-kb or a 150-kb plasmid the two  E. cloacae  isolates, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the coexistence of an MBL (NDM-1), an ESBL (CTX-M), a 16S rRNA methylase (RmtC), an acetyltransferase (AAC[6′]-Ib), and a quinolone resistance enzyme (QnrB) in  K. pneumoniae  isolates recovered from different patients during an outbreak in a Saudi Arabian hospital.

biomed research international

Cooccurrence of NDM-1, ESBL, RmtC, AAC(6′)-Ib, and QnrB in Clonally Related<i> Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Isolates Together with Coexistence of CMY-4 and AAC(6′)-Ib in<i> Enterobacter cloacae</i> Isolates from Saudi Arabia

Cooccurrence of NDM-1, ESBL, RmtC, AAC(6′)-Ib, and QnrB in Clonally Related Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates Together with Coexistence of CMY-4 and AAC(6′)-Ib in Enterobacter cloacae Isolates from Saudi Arabia