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Background. Eurycoma longifolia  Jack (Fam.: Simaroubaceae), known as Tongkat Ali (TA), has been known as a symbol of virility and sexual power. The aim of the study was to screen  E. longifolia  aqueous extract (AE) and isolates for ROCK-II inhibition.  Results.  The AE (1-10  μ g/ml) showed a significant inhibition for ROCK-II activity (62.8-81%) at  P  < 0.001 with an IC 50  (651.1 ± 32.9 ng/ml) compared to Y-27632 ([(+)-( R )- trans -4-(1-aminoethyl)- N -(4-pyridyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide dihydrochloride]) (68.15-89.9 %) at same concentrations with an IC 50  (192 ± 8.37 ng/ml). Chromatographic purification of the aqueous extract (AE) allowed the isolation of eight compounds; stigmasterol  T1 ,  trans- coniferyl aldehyde  T2,  scopoletin  T3 , eurycomalactone  T4 , 6 α - hydroxyeurycomalactone  T5 , eurycomanone  T6 , eurycomanol  T7 , and eurycomanol-2- O - β -D-glucopyranoside  T8 . This is the first report for the isolation of  T1  and  T3  from  E. longifolia  and for the isolation of  T2  from genus  Eurycoma . The isolates (at 10  μ g/ml) exhibited maximum inhibition % of ROCK-II 82.1 ± 0.63 (T2), 78.3 ± 0.38 (T6), 77.1 ± 0.11 (T3), 76.2 ± 3.53 (T4), 74.5 ± 1.27 (T5), 74.1 ± 2.97 (T7), 71.4 ± 2.54 (T8), and 60.3 ± 0.14 (T1), where the newly isolated compound  trans- coniferyl aldehyde  T2  showed the highest inhibitory activity among the tested isolated compounds and even higher than the total extract AE. The standard Y-27632 (10  μ g/ml) showed 89.9 ± 0.42 % inhibition for ROCK-II activity when compared to control at  P  < 0.0001.  Conclusion.  The traditional use of  E. longifolia  as aphrodisiac and for male sexual disorders might be in part due to the ROCK-II inhibitory potential.

Rho-Kinase II Inhibitory Potential of Eurycoma longifolia New Isolate for the Management of Erectile Dysfunction