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Parasitic  Entamoeba  spp. can infect many classes of vertebrates including humans and pigs.  Entamoeba suis  and zoonotic  Entamoeba polecki  have been identified in pigs, and swine are implicated as potential reservoirs for  Entamoeba histolytica . However, the prevalence of  Entamoeba  spp. in pigs in southeastern China has not been reported. In this study, 668 fecal samples collected from 6 different regions in Fujian Province, southeastern China, were analyzed to identify three  Entamoeba  species by nested PCR and sequencing analysis. The overall prevalence of  Entamoeba  spp. was 55.4% (370/668; 95% CI 51.6% to 59.2%), and the infection rate of  E. polecki  ST1 was the highest (302/668; 45.2%, 95% CI 41.4% to 49.0%), followed by  E. polecki  ST3 (228/668; 34.1%, 95% CI 30.5% to 37.7%) and  E. suis  (87/668; 13.0%, 95% CI 10.5% to 15.6%).  E. histolytica  was not detected in any samples. Moreover, the coinfection rate of  E. polecki  ST1 and ST3 was 25.1% (168/668; 95% CI 21.9% to 28.4%), the coinfection rate of  E. polecki  ST1 and  E. suis  was 3.7% (25/668; 95% CI 2.3% to 5.2%), the coinfection rate of  E. polecki  ST3 and  E. suis  was 0.3% (2/668), and the coinfection rate of  E. polecki  ST1,  E. polecki  ST3, and  E. suis  was 4.0% (27/668; 95% CI 2.5% to 5.5%). A representative sequence (MK347346) was identical to the sequence of  E. suis  (DQ286372). Two subtype-specific sequences (MK357717 and MK347347) were almost identical to the sequences of  E. polecki  ST1 (FR686383) and ST3 (AJ566411), respectively. This is the first study to survey the occurrence and to conduct molecular identification of three  Entamoeba  species in southeastern China. This is the first report regarding mixed infections with  E. suis ,  E. polecki  ST1, and  E. polecki  ST3 in China. More research studies are needed to better understand the transmission and zoonotic potential of  Entamoeba  spp.

Prevalence and Genetic Identification of Three Entamoeba Species in Pigs in Southeastern China