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Essential (volatile) oil from aerial parts of  Tamarix aphylla  (L.) H.Karst. (Tamaricaceae) grown wild in Jordan was hydrodistilled by Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by means of GC and GC-MS techniques.  In vitro  screening of potential cytotoxicity of the aqueous (AE) and ethanol (EE) extracts was also evaluated against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2), and pancreatic carcinoma (Panc-1) cancer cell lines as well as normal human fibroblasts. GC-MS analysis of  T. aphylla  EO revealed its richness in nonterpenoid nonaromatic hydrocarbons (52.39%), with predominance of 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone as the principal component. Biologically, the plant extracts exhibited cytotoxicity effects in dose-dependent manner against most of the tested cell lines, but potent effects were only predicted against MCF-7 cells with IC 50  values of 2.17 ± 0.10 and 26.65 ± 3.09  μ g/mL for  T. aphylla  AE and EE, respectively.  T. aphylla  AE demonstrated a comparable cytotoxic effect with that offered by the control drug cisplatin (IC 50  value of 1.17 ± 0.13  μ g/mL), even with higher safety profile against normal fibroblast cells (IC 50  values of  T. aphylla  AE versus cisplatin: 79.99 ± 4.90 versus 9.08 ± 0.29  μ g/mL).  T. aphylla  extracts could be a valuable source for cytotoxic agents with high safety and selective cytotoxicity profiles. Unfortunately, no antiproliferative potential against Caco-2 or Panc-1 cancer cell lines was detected at a concentration less than 30  μ g/mL.

evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine

Potential Antiproliferative Activity and Evaluation of Essential Oil Composition of the Aerial Parts of<i> Tamarix aphylla</i> (L.) H.Karst.: A Wild Grown Medicinal Plant in Jordan

Potential Antiproliferative Activity and Evaluation of Essential Oil Composition of the Aerial Parts of Tamarix aphylla (L.) H.Karst.: A Wild Grown Medicinal Plant in Jordan