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Galactites  is a genus of flowering plants belonging to Asteraceae family. This genus is mainly represented by the  Galactites elegans  (All.) Nyman ex Soldano, the milky thistle, a plant of Mediterranean origin.  Galactites elegans  is consumed as a monofloral boar thistle honey. Chromatography separation of CHCl 3  and  n- BuOH extracts of aerial parts of  G. elegans  led to isolation of 18 pure compounds. Their structures were elucidated by 1D-and 2D-NMR spectroscopy and confirmed by mass spectrometry analysis. Sinapic aldehyde, abietin, chlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, 8 α -hydroxypinoresinol, 9 α -hydroxypinoresinol, pinoresinol, 4-ketopinoresinol, nortrachelogenin, and  erythro -guaiacylglycerol- β - O -4′-dihydroconiferyl alcohol were isolated from CHCl 3  extract, while luteolin 4′- O -glucuronide, naringenin - 7- O -neohesperidoside, kaempferol-3- O - α -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)- β -D-glucopyranoside, apigenin-7- O - α -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)- β -D-glucopyranoside, quercitrin, quercetin-3- O - α -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)- β -D-glucopyranoside, ciwujiatone, and nortrachelogenin-4,4′-di- O - β -D-glucopyranoside were obtained from  n- BuOH extract. The majority of isolated compounds displayed a significant antioxidant potential  in vitro  test (DPPH). The ability of compounds to reduce the level of peroxides in control and BHP-treated Jurkat cells was studied. The lignan derivatives were also able to reduce at 50  μ M the basal level of peroxides in Jurkat cells as well as counteract peroxide increase induced by BHP treatment. Particularly 8 α -hydroxypinoresinol was the most active showing 70% of peroxide level inhibition.

Antioxidant Potential of Herbal Preparations and Components from Galactites elegans (All.) Nyman ex Soldano