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The recent geographic expansion of wild boars and the even more recent development of numerous domestic pigs have spurred exploration on pig domestic origins. The porcine  KIT  gene has been showed to affect pleiotropic effects, blood parameters, and coat colour phenotypes, especially the white colour phenotype formation in European commercial breeds. Here, we described the use of SNPs to identify different selection patterns on the porcine  KIT  gene and the phylogenetic relationships of the inferred haplotypes. The phylogenetic tree revealed four clades in European and Asian wild and domestic pigs: two major clades with European and Asian origins and one minor clade with Iberian origins as well as the other minor clade in Asia, consistent with the major introgression of domestic Asian pigs in Europe around 18th -19th century. The domestication history of pigs, which occurred in the domestication centers (Europe and Asia), has also been demonstrated by mtDNA analysis. Furthermore, both Asian and European domestic pigs evolved under purifying selection. This study indicated that domestic pigs in Europe and Asia have different lineage origins but the porcine  KIT  gene was undergoing a purifying selection during their evolutional histories.

Divergent Evolutional Mode and Purifying Selection of theKITGene in European and Asian Domestic Pig Breeds