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Background   High-fat diet (HFD) induces systemic insulin resistance leading to myocardial dysfunction. We aim to characterize the early adaptations of myocardial glucose utility to HFD-induced insulin resistance.Methods   Male Sprague–Dawley rats were assigned into two groups, fed a regular chow diet or HFD ad libitum for 10 weeks. We used  in vivo  imaging of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR),  18 F-FDG PET, and ex vivo nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomic analysis for the carbon-13-labeled glucose ([U- 13 C]Glc) perfused myocardium.Results   As compared with controls, HFD rats had a higher ejection fraction and a smaller left ventricular end-systolic volume ( P  < 0.05), with SUV max  of myocardium on  18 F-FDG PET significantly increased in 4 weeks ( P  < 0.005). The [U- 13 C]Glc probed the increased glucose uptake being metabolized into pyruvate and acetyl-CoA, undergoing oxidative phosphorylation via the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and then synthesized into glutamic acid and glutamine, associated with overexpressed LC3B ( P  < 0.05).Conclusions   HFD-induced IR associated with increased glucose utility undergoing oxidative phosphorylation via the TCA cycle in the myocardium is supported by overexpression of glucose transporter, acetyl-CoA synthase. Noninvasive imaging biomarker has potentials in detecting the metabolic perturbations prior to the decline of the left ventricular function.

contrast media and molecular imaging/contrast media and molecular imaging

Early Imaging Biomarker of Myocardial Glucose Adaptations in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance Model by Using <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET and [U-<sup>13</sup>C]glucose Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Tracer

Early Imaging Biomarker of Myocardial Glucose Adaptations in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance Model by Using 18F-FDG PET and [U-13C]glucose Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Tracer

Early Imaging Biomarker of Myocardial Glucose Adaptations in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance Model by Using ¹⁸F-FDG PET and [U-¹³C]glucose Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Tracer