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Background   Studies suggest that  Momordica balsamina  ( intshungu ) possesses hypoglycaemic effects. The effects of  Momordica balsamina  on diabetic complications such as DN, however, have not been established. Accordingly, this study seeks to investigate the effects of  M. balsamina  on kidney function in STZ-induced diabetic rats.Methods   Methanolic extracts (ME) of  M. balsamina 's leaves were used in this study. Short-term effects of  M. balsamina  methanolic extract on kidney function and MAP were studied in STZ-induced diabetic rats treated twice daily with  M. balsamina  methanolic extract (250 mg/kg), insulin (175  μ g/kg, s.c.), and metformin (500 mg/kg) for 5 weeks.Results    M. balsamina  methanolic extract significantly increased Na +  excretion outputs in STZ-induced diabetic rats by comparison to STZ-diabetic control rats.  M. balsamina  methanolic extract significantly increased GFR in STZ-diabetic rats with a concomitant decrease in creatinine concentration and also reduced kidney-to-body ratio, albumin excretion rate (AER), and albumin creatinine ratio (ACR).  M. balsamina  methanolic extract significantly reduced MAP in STZ-diabetic animals by comparison with STZ-diabetic control animals. These results suggest that  M. balsamina  methanolic extract not only lowers blood glucose but also has beneficial effects on kidney function and blood pressure.Conclusion   These findings suggest that  M. balsamina  may have beneficial effects on some processes that are associated with renal derangement in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

The Effects ofMomordica balsaminaMethanolic Extract on Kidney Function in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats: Effects on Selected Metabolic Markers