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Alterations in gut microbiota are postulated to be an etiologic factor in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). To determine whether IBS patients in China exhibited differences in their gut microbial composition, fecal samples were collected from diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D) and healthy controls and evaluated by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence and quantitative real-time PCR. A mouse model of postinfectious IBS (PI-IBS) was established to determine whether the altered gut microbiota was associated with increased visceral hypersensitivity. The results indicated that there were significant differences in the bacterial community profiles between IBS-D patients and healthy controls.  Prevotella  was more abundant in fecal samples from IBS-D patients compared with healthy controls ( p  < 0.05). Meanwhile, there were significant reductions in the quantity of  Bacteroides ,  Bifidobacteria , and  Lactobacillus  in IBS-D patients compared with healthy controls ( p  < 0.05). Animal models similarly showed an increased abundance of  Prevotella  in fecal samples compared with control mice ( p  < 0.05). Finally, after the PI-IBS mice were cohoused with control mice, both the relative abundance of  Prevotella  and visceral hypersensitivity of PI-IBS mice were decreased. In conclusion, the altered intestinal microbiota is associated with increased visceral hypersensitivity and enterotype enriched with  Prevotella  may be positively associated with high risk of IBS-D.

gastroenterology research and practice

Altered Intestinal Microbiota with Increased Abundance of <i>Prevotella</i> Is Associated with High Risk of Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Altered Intestinal Microbiota with Increased Abundance of Prevotella Is Associated with High Risk of Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome