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Background   There is a paucity of data on asymptomatic carriage of  Plasmodium  parasite among adult population in Eastern Uganda, an area of perennial high transmission of malaria. In this study, we estimated the prevalence of  Plasmodium  parasites in donor blood units at Mbale Regional Blood Bank (Mbale RBB), a satellite centre of the Uganda Blood Transfusion Service (UBTS).Method   This was a cross-sectional descriptive study in which 380 screened donor blood units were examined for the presence of  Plasmodium  parasites. A systematic random sampling technique using the interval of 7 was used in selecting the screened blood units for testing. Two experienced malaria slide microscopists (MC1 and MC2) independently examined each thick and thin blood slide under high power magnification of X400 and then X1000 as stated on the study standard operation procedure (SOP). Each slide was examined for 100 oil immersion fields before the examiner declared them negative for  Plasmodium  parasites. The results by each microscopist's examination were tallied separately, and finally, the two tallies were compared. The third independent microscopist (MC3) was blinded to the results from MC1 and MC2, but whose role was to perform quality control on the slides randomly sampled and read 38 (10%) of all the slides and was available to examine any slides with inconsistent findings by MC1 or MC2.Results   All the microscopists were unanimous in all the slide readings. Five of the thick smears (1.3%) confirmed the presence of  Plasmodium  parasites among donor blood units. Of these, 4/5 were from male donors.  Plasmodium falciparum  was identified in 4 positive samples, while  Plasmodium malariae  was identified in one of the donor units.Conclusion   The 1.3% prevalence of  Plasmodium malaria  parasites in screened donor blood units represents risk of malaria blood transfusion transmitted infection and a pool of community transmittable malaria infections, respectively.

Asymptomatic Plasmodium Parasites among Adults in Eastern Uganda: A Case of Donor Blood Screening at Mbale Regional Blood Bank