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Solanaceae is one of the highly diverse plant families of which  Solanum  is the largest genera (1700 species) containing several pharmacological properties like anticancer and antimicrobial. This motivated us to explore the anticancer (against HepG2, HEK-293, and MCF-7 cells) and antimicrobial (against  S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa,  and  C. albicans ) properties of  S. schimperianum ,  S. villosum ,  S. coagulans ,  S. glabratum ,  S. incanum,  and  S. nigrum  along with rutin estimation by UPLC-PDA method. Of the studied  Solanum  extracts,  S. nigrum  exhibited significant cytotoxic property against HepG2 (IC 50 : 20.4  μ g/mL) and MCF-7 (IC 50 : 30.1  μ g/mL);  S. coagulans  showed toxicity against HepG2 (IC 50 : 28.4  μ g/mL) and HEK-293 cells (IC 50 : 25.7  μ g/mL) compared to 5-Fluorouracil (standard). Compared to these, extracts of  S. coagulans  and  S. glabratum  exhibited relatively high antimicrobial potency (MIC: 0.4-1.6 mg/mL). Nonetheless, all  Solanum  extracts significantly reduced the biofilm against PAO1-strain. Rutin was detected in all extracts with the highest content (53.79  μ g/mg) in  S. coagulans  that supported its strong antimicrobial and anticancer properties. Molecular docking analysis showing strong binding of rutin with human DNA and proteins (DNA Topoisomerase II α  and  E. coli  DNA gyrase B) supported the anticancer and antimicrobial activities of  Solanum  species.

Interspecies Anticancer and Antimicrobial Activities of GenusSolanumand Estimation of Rutin by Validated UPLC-PDA Method