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Leakage of stored CO 2  from a designated deep reservoir could contaminate overlying shallow potable aquifers by dissolution of arsenic-bearing minerals. To elucidate CO 2  leakage-induced arsenic contamination, 2D multispecies reactive transport models were developed and CO 2  leakage processes were simulated in the shallow groundwater aquifer. Throughout a series of numerical simulations, it was revealed that the movement of leaked CO 2  was primarily governed by local flow fields within the shallow potable aquifer. The induced low-pH plume caused dissolution of aquifer minerals and sequentially increased permeabilities of the aquifer; in particular, the most drastic increase in permeability appeared at the rear margin of CO 2  plume where two different types of groundwater mixed. The distribution of total arsenic (   ∑   As) plume was similar to the one for the arsenopyrite dissolution. The breakthrough curve of    ∑   As monitored at the municipal well was utilized to quantify the human health risk. In addition, sensitivity studies were conducted with different sorption rates of arsenic species, CO 2  leakage rates, and horizontal permeability in the aquifer. In conclusion, the human health risk was influenced by the shape of    ∑   As plume, which was, in turn, affected by the characteristics of CO 2  plume behavior such as horizontal permeability and CO 2  leakage rate.

CO2 Leakage-Induced Contamination in Shallow Potable Aquifer and Associated Health Risk Assessment