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Monoamine oxidase (MAO) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of amines and neurotransmitters and is involved in mood disorders, depression, oxidative stress, and adverse pharmacological reactions. This work studies the inhibition of human MAO-A by  Hypericum perforatum ,  Peganum harmala,  and  Lepidium meyenii,  which are reported to improve and affect mood and mental conditions. Subsequently, the antioxidant activity associated with the inhibition of MAO is determined in plant extracts for the first time.  H. perforatum  inhibited human MAO-A, and extracts from flowers gave the highest inhibition (IC 50  of 63.6  μ g/mL). Plant extracts were analyzed by HPLC-DAD-MS and contained pseudohypericin, hypericin, hyperforin, adhyperforin, hyperfirin, and flavonoids. Hyperforin did not inhibit human MAO-A and hypericin was a poor inhibitor of this isoenzyme. Quercetin and flavonoids significantly contributed to MAO-A inhibition.  P. harmala  seed extracts highly inhibited MAO-A (IC 50  of 49.9  μ g/L), being a thousand times more potent than  H. perforatum  extracts owing to its content of  β -carboline alkaloids (harmaline and harmine).  L. meyenii  root (maca) extracts did not inhibit MAO-A. These plants may exert protective actions related to antioxidant effects. Results in this work show that  P. harmala  and  H. perforatum  extracts exhibit antioxidant activity associated with the inhibition of MAO (i.e., lower production of H 2 O 2 ).

Monoamine Oxidase-A Inhibition and Associated Antioxidant Activity in Plant Extracts with Potential Antidepressant Actions