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Background   In Ethiopia, stem bark of  Periploca linearifolia  is used for the treatment of malaria by the local community and demonstrated antimalarial activity  in vitro . Despite its  in vitro  antimalarial activity, no scientific study has been carried out to verify its activity  in vivo . Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the antimalarial activity of  Periploca linearifolia  stem bark extract in mice.Methods   The dried stem bark of  Periploca linearifolia  was extracted with 80% methanol and evaluated for its antimalarial activity on both early and established  Plasmodium berghei  infected mice. The extract was prepared at graded doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg. Chloroquine and distilled water were administered to the positive and negative control groups, respectively.Results   The crude extract, at all tested doses, suppressed parasitemia significantly ( p  < 0.05) for 200 and 400 mg/kg and ( p  < 0.001) for 600 mg/kg. The suppression values at these doses were 56.98, 43.33, and 38.17 percent, respectively.  Periploca linearifolia  extract also demonstrated schizonticidal activity in the established malaria infection.Conclusion   The plant  Periploca linearifolia  has a promising antimalarial activity in mice, supporting its  in vitro  finding. Thus, it could be considered as a potential source to develop new antimalarial agent.

Antimalarial Activity of Stem Bark of Periploca linearifolia during Early and Established Plasmodium Infection in Mice