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Juniperus phoenicea  ( J. phoenicea ) is a wild tree belonging to the Cupressaceae family, commonly used for the treatment of several disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the potential protective effects of  J. phoenicea  hydroethanolic extract (EtOH-H 2 OE) against oxidation, acute inflammation, and pain in mice models. For the purpose, chemical compounds of  J. phoenicea  EtOH-H 2 OE were also analyzed by GC-MS. The  J. phoenicea  EtOH-H 2 OE showed a potent antioxidant activity  in vitro , thanks to its richness in phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Mice treated with EtOH-H 2 OE (100 mg/kg BW) showed reduced paw oedema formation and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The evaluation of antioxidant enzyme activities in paw oedema tissue after five hours of carrageenan induction showed a significant increase ( P  < 0.05). Inflammatory biomarkers explorations of  J. phoenicea  EtOH-H 2 OE-treated mice showed a restoration of the studied parameters to near-normal values. Furthermore, EtOH-H 2 OE of  J. phoenicea  produced a significant reduction of the number of abdominal writhes ( P  < 0.05) in a dose-dependent way. Phytochemical analysis of the  J. phoenicea  EtOH-H 2 OE by GC-MS showed the presence of hexadecanoic and stearic acids known as anti-inflammatory and analgesic compounds. Our investigation provided evidence that  J. phoenicea  EtOH-H 2 OE can effectively reduce the inflammation and pain in mice models.

biomed research international

Effects of<i> Juniperus phoenicea</i> Hydroalcoholic Extract on Inflammatory Mediators and Oxidative Stress Markers in Carrageenan-Induced Paw Oedema in Mice

Effects of Juniperus phoenicea Hydroalcoholic Extract on Inflammatory Mediators and Oxidative Stress Markers in Carrageenan-Induced Paw Oedema in Mice