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Background   This research assessed the  in vitro  antidiabetic activity and phytochemical constituents of the traditionally used medicinal plants,  Psiadia punctulata and Meriandra bengalensis .Method   The leaves of both plants were subjected to cold extraction method using 70% ethanol and hot Soxhlet extraction using n-hexane, chloroform, methanol, and distilled water. The extracts were studied for their effect on glucose transport across yeast cells and inhibition of  α -amylase and  α -glucosidase enzyme activities. Thin-layer chromatographic analysis of ethanol extract was also undertaken.Results   The results of yeast glucose uptake assay revealed that extracts from both plants had a maximum increase in glucose uptake at the 25mM glucose concentration with a maximum dose of 2000 μ g/ml plant extract. The ethanol extract of  P. punctulata  and aqueous extract of  M. bengalensis  showed a high activity of 68% and 96%, respectively, at 25mM and 2000 μ g/ml of glucose and extract concentration.  P. punctulata  exerted peak inhibition activity of  α -amylase of 37.5 ± 3% mg/dl (IC 50  = 0.523 mg/dl) for methanol and distilled water extract at 0.5 mg/dl, respectively.  M. bengalensis  methanol extract exhibited the highest inhibition activity of 38 ± 8 % mg/dl (IC50 = 0.543 mg/dl) at 0.5 mg/dl. In the  α -glucosidase inhibition assay, the methanolic extract of  P. punctulata  exhibited the highest inhibitory activity of 17.29 ± 9% mg/dl (IC 50  = 0.761 mg/dl) at 0.5mg/dl. The chloroform extract of  M. bengalensis  had the highest inhibitory activity of 30 ± 5% mg/dl (IC 50  = 0.6mg/dl) at 0.5 mg/dL. Phytochemical analysis of the different extracts of  P. punctulata  and  M. bengalensis  revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phytosterols, and carbohydrates. Thin-layer chromatography analysis of ethanolic extract of both plants indicated presence of 15 and 17 spots for  P. punctulata  and  M. bengalensis  respectively.ConclusionP. punctulata  and  M. bengalensis  extracts have moderate inhibitory activity against pancreatic  α -amylase and relatively low inhibitory activities against  α -glucosidase. The observed effects may be associated with the presence of flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids. Additional  in vivo  analysis, toxicological studies, isolation, and structural characterization of the phytomolecules identified in this study and molecular docking studies should be undertaken.

evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine

In Vitro Inhibition of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>-Amylase and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>α</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>-Glucosidase by Extracts from Psiadia punctulata and Meriandra bengalensis

In Vitro Inhibition of α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase by Extracts from Psiadia punctulata and Meriandra bengalensis