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This study was undertaken to determine the effects of IL-1 β  and TGF- β 1 on the expression of differentiation-associated genes in chondrocytes in vitro. Rat costal chondrocytes were exposed to different concentrations of IL-1 β  and TGF- β 1 for 48 h and tested for gene expression. IL-1 β  increased the expression of aggrecanase-1 and aggrecanase-2 and decreased the content of aggrecan and collagen II. Low concentration of TGF- β 1 decreased the expression of aggrecan and collagen II and increased the expression of aggrecanase-2. However, the level of aggrecanase-1 was significantly elevated in the presence of high concentration of TGF- β 1. IL-1 β  and TGF- β 1 show the ability to modulate the production of aggrecan and collagen II in chondrocytes in vitro.

Morphological, Immunocytochemical, and Biochemical Studies of Rat Costal Chondrocytes Exposed to IL-1βand TGF-β1