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Phytoestrogens have been shown to prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis.  Lannea acida  is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Cameroon to treat infertility, gynaecological complaints, and rheumatism. These uses prompted us to evaluate estrogenic activity of  Lannea acida  bark ethanolic extract and its antiosteoporotic potential in ovariectomized Wistar rats.  In vitro , the E-screen assay was used to assess the ability of  L. acida  extract to induce MCF-7 cells proliferation.  In vivo , a 3-day uterotrophic assay and a 12-week oral treatment in ovariectomized adult rats were carried out to evaluate the ability of  L. acida  extract to prevent bone mass loss.  L. acida  extract induced MCF-7 cell proliferation.  In vivo , it significantly increased the uterine wet weight, uterine and vaginal epithelial heights, and mammary glands differentiation. At 200 mg/kg, a long-term treatment with the extract prevented body weight gain ( p  < 0.05) and loss of bone mass and/or density ( p  < 0.05) induced by ovariectomy. Also, a significant ( p  < 0.001) decrease of alkaline phosphatase activity was observed with 50 mg/kg.  L. acida  extract improved bone microarchitecture and could restore normal bone mineralization by increasing the inorganic phosphorus and calcium level in bone. These findings provide evidence that  Lannea acida  is a potential alternative for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine

<i>Lannea acida</i>A. Rich. (Anacardiaceae) Ethanol Extract Exhibits Estrogenic Effects and Prevents Bone Loss in an Ovariectomized Rat Model of Osteoporosis

Lannea acidaA. Rich. (Anacardiaceae) Ethanol Extract Exhibits Estrogenic Effects and Prevents Bone Loss in an Ovariectomized Rat Model of Osteoporosis